Spirituality and Psychological Well-Being a Adolescents: A Basis for a School-Based Well-Being Program

This study aimed to identify the relationship between spirituality and psychological wellbeing, recognize the level of the students on the two constructs, examine the differences in the level of spirituality and psychological wellbeing of the students according to their age, family structure and gender, determine the students' perceptions and experiences pertaining spirituality, and develop a program for the wellbeing of the students. A total of 963 participants were involved in the study. Based on empirical data gathered by the researcher, the participants were average in their level of spirituality and psychological wellbeing. The Independent Sample t-Tests undertaken yielded results that show that the participants exhibited no significant differences in their level of spirituality and psychological well-being in terms of age and family structure. On the other hand, participants showed significant differences in their levels in the two constructs when compared according to their sex. Furthermore, this research indicated that there is a positive relationship between spirituality and psychological wellbeing. Regression analysis indicated that psychological wellbeing can be predicted by spirituality, and that 7.9% of psychological wellbeing is attributed to spirituality. Moreover, the interview results showed that students view spirituality as belief in God that involves spiritual practices and possessing positive character. The results of the data analysis were the basis for the development of a framework and program on wellbeing. The findings of this study provide information to counselors, teachers, administrators, and students that the area of spirituality may also be cultivated in school as it has been found to bring positive outcomes in the behavior, thinking process and value system of the students. Implementation of the program to determine its effectiveness is recommended for further studies. Moreover, findings revealed the need for future researchers to investigate specific counseling techniques that are suited in addressing problems related to spirituality. Also, it encourages the need to explore spiritual intelligence as it is related to cognitive phenomenon.